the effect of otostegia persica in combination with chloroquine on chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium berghei using in-vivo fixed ratios method
نویسندگان
چکیده
malaria is one of the worldwide parasitic diseases which threaten the life of hundreds of millions of people at the malarious areas each year. the emergence of chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum in most of the malarious areas has encountered the relevant countries with some difficulties about treating the acute cases of the disease particulary if the monotherapy regimen has been used. because of many advantages for the combination therapy, the effectiveness of chloroquine (cq) and otostegia persica (op), a medicinal plant in combination form, was tested against the chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium berghei in sourian mouse using in-vivo adapted fixed ratios method in this study. at the first step, ed50s (50% effective dose) of chloroquine and o. persica against both cq-sensitive and cq-resistant strains of p. berghei were calculated using in-vivo test in the mice. ratios of 0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and100% from each ed50 were prepared and contrarily combined together to make the following fixed ratios of 0/100, 10/90, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30, 90/10, and 100/0 of cq/op and the parasites were exposed to the combined ratios. determination of ed50s showed 1.1 mg/kg and 2.4 mg/kg of mouse body weight for chloroquine in cq-sensitive and cq-resistant strains respectively and 450 mg/kg for o. persica in both strains. the results also showed that the combinations of “50% cq + 50% op”, “30% cq + 70% o.p” and “70% cq + 30% op” were more effective than other combinations against cq-sensitive strain. the fixed ratio combinations of chloroquine and o. persica showed an additive in cq-resistant strain. toxicity consideration showed no toxic effect of the combinations on the mice. otostegia persica potentiated the effectiveness of chloroquine against the chloroquine-sensitive strain of p. berghei but not on chloroquine-resistant p. berghei. moreover, the greatly modified fixed ratios method in this study can be considered as useful methods for in-vivo combination tests in murine malaria parasites.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Otostegia persica in Combination with Chloroquine on Chloroquine-Sensitive and Chloroquine-Resistant Strains of Plasmodium berghei Using In-vivo Fixed Ratios Method
Malaria is one of the worldwide parasitic diseases which threaten the life of hundreds of millions of people at the malarious areas each year. The emergence of chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in most of the malarious areas has encountered the relevant countries with some difficulties about treating the acute cases of the disease particulary if the monotherapy regimen h...
متن کاملThe Effect of Otostegia persica in Combination with Chloroquine on Chloroquine-Sensitive and Chloroquine-Resistant Strains of Plasmodium berghei Using In-vivo Fixed Ratios Method
Malaria is one of the worldwide parasitic diseases which threaten the life of hundreds of millions of people at the malarious areas each year. The emergence of chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in most of the malarious areas has encountered the relevant countries with some difficulties about treating the acute cases of the disease particulary if the monotherapy regimen h...
متن کاملThe Effect of Otostegia persica in Combination with Chloroquine on Chloroquine-Sensitive and Chloroquine-Resistant Strains of Plasmodium berghei Using In-vivo Fixed Ratios Method
Malaria is one of the worldwide parasitic diseases which threaten the life of hundreds of millions of people at the malarious areas each year. The emergence of chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in most of the malarious areas has encountered the relevant countries with some difficulties about treating the acute cases of the disease particulary if the monotherapy regimen has ...
متن کاملvariation of the chloroquine resistance transporter (crt) gene in chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive plasmodium berghei
background: the emergence and spread of chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum in the world stimulated some investigators to consider different aspects of chloroquine resistance in human and rodent plasmodia . using animal plasmodia , particularly primate and rodent plasmodia can be useful model for human plasmodia studies. in this study we have tried to consider and compare the sequence ...
متن کاملVariation of the Chloroquine Resistance Transporter (Crt) Gene in Chloroquine-Resistant and Chloroquine-Sensitive Plasmodium berghei
Background: The emergence and spread of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the world stimulated some investigators to consider different aspects of chloroquine resistance in human and rodent Plasmodia. Using animal Plasmodia, particularly primate and rodent Plasmodia can be useful model for human Plasmodia studies. In this study we have tried to consider and compare the sequence of ...
متن کاملevaluation of effectiveness of ethanolic extract of artemisia aucheri, individually and in combination with chloroquine, on chloroquine - sensitive strain of plasmodium berghei in sourian mice.
drug resistance in malaria parasites is extending in the world particularly in chemical synthesized drugs such as 4- aminoquinolines and aminoalcoholes. employing herbal extracts is encouraged by who in the malarious areas. in this study, the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of artemisia aucheri individually and in combination with chloroquine, has been considered against chloroquine - sensit...
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عنوان ژورنال:
the iranian journal of pharmaceutical researchجلد ۱۱، شماره ۲، صفحات ۵۸۳-۵۸۸
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